Understand how historically we have misunderstood human error in veterinary practice (based on work within the field of Human Factors and safety science) Critically evaluate 'human error' as the 'cause' of accidents and unintended patient outcomes. Understand the alternative factors at play including systems which contribute. Reduce how we judge errors in practice, and manage blame and retributive action Understand the behaviours that contribute to positive patient outcomes Explore how we can respond to unintended outcomes in practice, and how to contribute to a restorative approach around error