New optimism in canine hemangiosarcoma through improved diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
Canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) has long been associated with poor outcomes and often premature euthanasia, largely due to historical biases, limitations in staging, and inadequate perioperative data. Recent prospective trials, however, have challenged these perceptions, demonstrating improved survival rates, better perioperative outcomes, and greater potential for long-term survival. This presentation reviews the limitations of older retrospective data, advances in perioperative and staging practices, and the role of genomics in redefining therapeutic approaches. It also highlights novel diagnostic tools such as circulating tumor DNA and targeted therapies tailored to HSA subtypes. By following the roadmap of human pediatric leukemia, which 50 years ago was associated with a grave prognosis but today is associated with an almost guaranteed cure, we intend to use the same principles in working towards the ultimate goal of a cure for HSA in dogs.
- Recognise the historical biases in canine hemangiosarcoma diagnosis and their impact on owner decision-making.
- Understand the limitations of traditional preoperative staging and how newer imaging and diagnostic tools may improve case management.
- Review perioperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management advances that have improved survival outcomes in dogs with hemoperitoneum.
- Examine the role of genomics in identifying HSA subtypes and tailoring therapeutic strategies, including novel drug options.
- Discuss the potential of circulating tumor DNA as a diagnostic and monitoring tool in canine oncology.
- Appreciate how shifting from median survival metrics to long-term survivorship can reframe prognosis and align veterinary oncology with human cancer care.
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